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Troglitazone (RezulinŽ, ResulinŽ or RomozinŽ) is a member of the drug class of
the thiazolidinediones. It was introduced in the late 1990s but turned out to be
associated with an idiosyncratic reaction leading to drug-induced hepatitis. It
was withdrawn from the USA market on 21 March 2000, and from other markets soon
afterwards.
Troglitazone, like the other thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone and
rosiglitazone), works by activating PPARs (peroxisome proliferator-activated
receptors). Troglitazone is a ligand to both PPARα and - more strongly - PPARγ.
Troglitazone also contains an α-tocopheroyl moiety, potentially giving it
vitamin E-like activity in addition to its PPAR activation. It has been shown
(Aljada et al) to reduce inflammation: troglitazone use was associated with a
decrease of nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) and a concomitant increase in its
inhibitor (IκB). NFκB is an important cellular transcription regulator for the
immune response.
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